VG grades are known by the Indian government as the preferred type of bitumen for road construction. In 1991, the Bureau of Indian Standards adopted a new grading method for bitumen, named viscosity ...

The efficient recovery of bitumen, a highly viscous form of crude oil, poses significant technical and economic challenges. In recent years, researchers have developed advanced experimental techniques ...

The two main problems that occur in asphalt concrete (tarmac) surfaces are that wheel ruts are formed when the material is too soft, or that the surface cracks when too hard. Climate Considerations In ...

Solvents are used to increase production and reduce steam-to-oil ratio in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD). Variations of SAGD that use solvents, such as expanding solvent (ES) SAGD or ...

Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL) has produced 553.1 thousand metric tonnes (TMT) of bitumen for the year 2022-23, an increase of 25% as compared to last year 2021-22, when it produced ...