Continuous casting remains a critical process in modern steel production, whereby molten steel is poured into a mould and solidified into semi-finished forms such as blooms, billets or slabs. This ...

Asymmetries in wafer map defects are usually treated as random production hardware defects. For example, asymmetric wafer defects can be caused by particles inadvertently deposited on a wafer during ...

Finding critical defects in manufacturing is becoming more difficult due to tighter design margins, new processes, and shorter process windows. Process marginality and parametric outliers used to be ...